Up One Level

We have the best source for total information and resources for Infertility Continuing Education on the Internet.

The sperm must provide the zygote with DNA, centrioles, and activation factor for the embryo to develop. With this treatment, the patient experience spermatogenesis, and therefore, it has the chance to have offspring if he wants to. After their release from the Sertoli cells into the lumen of the seminiferous tubules, the spermatids successively pass through the tubuli recti, rete testis, ductuli efferentes, and, finally, the epididymis (see image below). Signs of infertility in women In women, signs of infertility may include: Pain during sex Pain during sex, or dyspareunia, can be a sign of an underlying health problem that may influence a woman's fertility.

Seventy-five percent of patients have testicular atrophy and primary testicular failure due to degeneration of the seminiferous tubules. Congenital Absence of the Vas Deferens: The Fertilizing Capacity of Human Epididymal Sperm. (PDF, 3 MB) New England Journal of Medicine, 1990. Germ cells (precursors to spermatozoa) are derived from the gonadal ridge and migrate to the testicle before testicular descent. 8 Evaluation of Men Jump to section + Causes of male infertility include infection, injury, toxin exposures, anatomic variances, chromosomal abnormalities, systemic diseases, and sperm antibodies. Although varicoceles are present in 15% of the male population, a varicocele is considered the most common correctable cause of infertility (30-35%) and the most common cause of secondary (acquired) infertility (75-85%). A karyotype test and a Y chromosome test for microdeletions are indicated in patients with nonobstructive azoospermia or severe oligospermia (< 5 million sperm/mL), although indications are expanding.[20] Klinefelter syndrome Klinefelter syndrome is the most common chromosomal cause of male infertility, estimated to be present in 1 per 500-1000 male births.

Here are Some More Resources on Infertility Continuing Education

Here are Some Even more Details on Infertility Continuing Education

Physical Problems A variety of physical problems can cause male infertility.  These problems either interfere with the sperm production process or disrupt the pathway down which sperm travel from the testes to the tip of the penis.  These problems are usually characterized by a low sperm count and/or abnormal sperm morphology.  The following is a list of the most common physical problems that cause male infertility: Variocoele: A varicocele is an enlargement of the internal spermatic veins that drain blood from the testicle to the abdomen (back to the heart) and are present in 15% of the general male population and 40% of infertile men.  These images show what a variocoele looks like externally and internally.  A varicocele develops when the one way valves in these spermatic veins are damaged causing an abnormal back flow of blood from the abdomen into the scrotum creating a hostile environment for sperm development.  Varicocoeles may cause reduced sperm count and abnormal sperm morphology which cause infertility.  Variococles can usually be diagnosed by a physical examination of the scrotum which can be aided by the Doppler stethoscope and scrotal ultrasound.  Varicocoele can be treated in many ways (see treatment section), but the most successful treatments involve corrective surgery. When Predictions Don’t Predict. (PDF, 549 KB) The Australian and New Zealand Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, 1991. They can also carry out some basic tests on both partners to see if there is an identifiable reason for not having achieved a pregnancy. Having sex near the time of ovulation is the best way to increase the chance of becoming pregnant. This procedure is done by ultrasound guidance when the surgeon utilizes a narrow needle to retrieve eggs from the ovary through the vaginal wall.

Below are Some More Information on Infertility Books Pdf

Rarely, a blood clot may develop in an artery or vein, liver or kidney problems can arise, and respiratory distress may develop. Pregnancies after Testicular Sperm Extraction and Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection in Non-obstructive Azoospermia. (PDF, 3 MB) Human Reproduction, 1995. Mumps: If this occurs after puberty, inflammation of the testicles may affect sperm production. PID leads to a blockage of the fallopian tubes, which prevents fertilization. The feelings experienced by the infertile couples include depression, grief, guilt, shame, and inadequacy with social isolation.

Right here are Some Even more Info on Infertility Continuing Education

Unlike female infertility (where irregular periods may hint at a problem), obvious symptoms are not common with male infertility. In the body, testosterone circulates 2% in the free form, 44% bound to sex hormone–binding globulin (SHBG), and 54% bound to albumin. Living with male infertility When Steve S. of Joliet, Illinois was diagnosed with male infertility, he felt profound disappointment. Some causes are more common in some countries than others, such as pelvic inflammatory diseases (PID) and sexually transmitted infections (STI) in Africa [10]. As the major causes of infertility are sperm abnormalities, ovulation dysfunction, and fallopian tube obstruction, the preliminary adviced investigations for the infertile couple should be focused on semen analysis (to be compared with the WHO reference values [27]), detection of ovarian function by hormonal assay (early follicular FSH and LH levels, and mid-luteal progesterone), and evaluation of tubal patency by hysterosalpingography (HSG) [17-32], (Appendix 3). No Differences in Outcome after Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection with Fresh or with Frozen-thawed Epididymal Spermatozoa. (PDF, 66 KB) Human Reproduction, 1999. Bensdorp AJ, Cohlen BJ, Heineman MJ, Vandekerckhove P. This is called luteinised unruptured follicle syndrome (LUFS).