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Workup of Infertility

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It is often defined as not conceiving after 12 months of regular sexual intercourse without the use of birth control. The man is advised not to ejaculate for 2 to 3 days before giving the semen sample for evaluation.

Healthcare providers may also conduct a semen analysis to check the number, shape, and movement of sperm. Because sperm generation time is just over two months, it is recommended to wait three months before repeat sampling. The presence of open tubes is essential for natural conception, as sperm must traverse the tubes in order to reach and fertilize the ovulated egg. In GIFT, the sperm and eggs are mixed together before a doctor inserts them. Bhaskar Dutta/Photoshare Clinical definitions Infertility is “a disease of the reproductive system defined by the failure to achieve a clinical pregnancy after 12 months or more of regular unprotected sexual intercourse.”… (WHO-ICMART glossary1). “Infertility is the inability of a sexually active, non-contracepting couple to achieve pregnancy in one year.

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When a man ejaculates and releases semen through the penis, the seminal fluid, or semen, helps transport the sperm toward the egg. Healthcare providers may also conduct a semen analysis to check the number, shape, and movement of sperm.

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After ruling out female infertility concerns, tests for male infertility may be needed. Afterward, radiographs are taken and the contrast material can be seen in the abdominal cavity if the tubes are pervious. Microcirugía y fertilición in vitro para la azoospermia obstructiva. (PDF, 5 MB) Chapter 14 from textbook, Avances en reproducción asistida, 1992. Mumps: If this occurs after puberty, inflammation of the testicles may affect sperm production. 2012;27(8):2396–2404.   Want to use this article elsewhere?

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They’ll recommend some simple fertility tests, more information about which can be found here. If a severe sperm defect is discovered, the testing on the female partner should be modified, and therapy can be immediately directed to the sperm problem. However, there are side effects to using fertility drugs, such as ovarian hyperstimulation or the increased chance of developing ovarian tumors.  Surgical procedures: These surgeries correct abnormalities or blockages in the uterus and fallopian tubes. It is often prescribed for Crohn's disease or rheumatoid arthritis. These endometrial cells can extend as far as the outside of the fallopian tubes, the ovaries and the bladder. The length of postoperative stay in the hospital is minimal, and same-day discharges are possible in cases of early morning procedures. However, a survey has suggested that the 3 days most likely to offer a fertile window are the 2 days before ovulation plus the 1 day of ovulation. Blood tests Depending on the individual couple's situation, various blood tests on either the female or the male may be needed. If this becomes a regular occurrence, it may interfere with sexual intercourse or be a sign of an underlying issue.


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See also
Infertility for Dummies Pdf
Infertility Vocabulary
Infertility Questionnaire