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Stem cell therapy[edit] Nowadays, there are several treatments (still in experimentation) related with stem cell therapy. Their cumulative probabilities of conception are 60% within the first 6 months, 84% within the first year, and 92% within the second year of regular fertility-focused sexual activity. If an endocrinopathy, such as hyperprolactinemia, is diagnosed, the underlying cause should be treated. Medications Testosterone replacement therapy, long-term anabolic steroid use, cancer medications (chemotherapy), certain antifungal medications, some ulcer drugs and certain other medications can impair sperm production and decrease male fertility. Additionally, surgery, radiation or chemotherapy to treat tumors can affect male fertility.

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Myoma treatment In general, small and asymptomatic myomas do not require treatment, but the patient should be periodically monitored. Infertility: Female and Male Factors It is very important to note that infertility can occur as a result of one or more male or female factors. DEFINITION OF TERMS Source : Endometriosis & infertility PPT Presentation Summary : Fertility Issues. Infertility caused by DNA defects on the Y chromosome is passed on from father to son. There are four parameters analyzed: 1) semen volume – should be at least 1. Wählen Sie „OK“, um fortzufahren und Oath und seinen Partnern zu erlauben, Ihre Daten zu verwenden, oder wählen Sie „Optionen verwalten“, um Ihre Auswahlmöglichkeiten anzuzeigen.Understanding fertility If you’ve been trying to conceive for a while, you may be wondering why your partner isn’t pregnant yet.

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If the sperm do not have the right shape, or they cannot travel rapidly and accurately towards the egg, conception may be difficult. View Media Gallery Uterine synechiae Uterine synechiae are corrected using operative hysteroscopy. The main approach to correcting or removing these uterine abnormalities is by hysteroscopy, a surgical method by which a narrow scope with a camera is placed within the uterine cavity. A prolactin level of more than 150 mcg/L suggests a pituitary adenoma, while levels greater than 300 mcg/L are nearly diagnostic.

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If both tubes are blocked, then in vitro fertilization (IVF) is required. The volume provides clear guidelines and a logical sequence of steps which will quickly lead the clinician or physician to an accurate diagnosis of the underlying cause of infertility. Affected individuals displayed more severe forms of infertility such as azoospermia and severe oligozoospermia.[27] Other causes[edit] Factors that can cause male as well as female infertility are: DNA damage DNA damage reduces fertility in female ovocytes, as caused by smoking,[28] other xenobiotic DNA damaging agents (such as radiation or chemotherapy)[29] or accumulation of the oxidative DNA damage 8-hydroxy-deoxyguanosine[30] DNA damage reduces fertility in male sperm, as caused by oxidative DNA damage,[31] smoking,[28] other xenobiotic DNA damaging agents (such as drugs or chemotherapy)[32] or other DNA damaging agents including reactive oxygen species, fever or high testicular temperature.[33] The damaged DNA related to infertility manifests itself by the increased susceptibility to denaturation inducible by heat or acid [34] or by the presence of double-strand breaks that can be detected by the TUNEL assay.[35] General factors Diabetes mellitus,[36][37] thyroid disorders,[38] undiagnosed and untreated coeliac disease,[39][40][41][42] adrenal disease[43] Hypothalamic-pituitary factors Hyperprolactinemia Hypopituitarism The presence of anti-thyroid antibodies is associated with an increased risk of unexplained subfertility with an odds ratio of 1. Infection: Some infections, such as gonorrhea or inflammation of the testicles, can affect sperm production or sperm health or can cause scarring that blocks the passage of sperm. The feelings experienced by the infertile couples include depression, grief, guilt, shame, and inadequacy with social isolation. Intracytoplasmic sperm injection[edit] ICSI technique is used in case of poor semen quality, low sperm count or failed fertilization attempts during prior IVF cycles. Intracytoplasmic sperm injection[edit] ICSI technique is used in case of poor semen quality, low sperm count or failed fertilization attempts during prior IVF cycles. It has been proven useful in overcoming infertility conditions, such as blocked or damaged tubes, endometriosis, repeated IUI failure, unexplained infertility, poor ovarian reserve, poor or even nil sperm count. Pro-life opposition to the destruction of embryos not transferred in vivo. Summary Infertility is a significant medical and social problem affecting couple worldwide. It is a sensitive issue that should be handled with great care with continuous professional counselling. Most young couples will conceive naturally within 2 years. Evaluation of both partners for causes is essential. Treatment depends on the cause, and varies from medical treatment to surgery to ART. Predominantly anovulation is caused by hormonal imbalances such as Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome (PCOS) but ovarian scarring and premature menopause can also result in failure to ovulate. • Tubal disease, comprising anything from mild adhesions to complete blockage of the fallopian tubes, prevents fertilised eggs from travelling from the site of fertilisation to the uterus. According to ESHRE recommendations, couples with an estimated live birth rate of 40% or higher per year are encouraged to continue aiming for a spontaneous pregnancy.[66] Treatment methods for infertility may be grouped as medical or complementary and alternative treatments. Outcome of Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection with Testicular Spermatozoa in Obstructive and Non-obstructive Azoospermia. (PDF, 426 KB) Human Reproduction, 1996. It varies with the age (the optimal female age is between 23 and 39 years) and with body weight (the ideal body mass index is between 19 and 30).


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See also
Infertility Private Doctor
Infertility Agents
Female Infertility Investigations