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DEFINITION OF TERMS Source : Endometriosis & infertility PPT Presentation Summary : Fertility Issues. The following is a list of hormonal disorders which can disrupt male infertility: Hyperprolactinemia: Elevated prolactin--a hormone associated with nursing mothers, is found in 10 to 40 percent of infertile males.  Mild elevation of prolactin levels produces no symptoms, but greater elevations of the hormone reduces sperm production, reduces libido and may cause impotence.  This condition responds well to the drug Parlodel (bromocriptine). Author disclosure: No relevant financial affiliations. Smoking: Smoking significantly increases the risk of infertility in both men and women, and it may undermine the effects of fertility treatment. 0 nmol per L]) and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH; normal range = 1.

Several days later, embryos -- or fertilized eggs -- get put back into your uterus with a device called an intrauterine insemination catheter. Is Congenital Bilateral Absence of Vas Deferens a Primary Form of Cystic Fibrosis? Judaism and Repoductive Technology. (PDF, 160 KB) 2003. Ovulation induction in polycystic ovary syndrome [published corrections appear in J Obstet Gynaecol Can.

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Drugs used for both women and men[67] include clomiphene citrate, human menopausal gonadotropin (hMG), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG), gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) analogues, aromatase inhibitors, and metformin. BMI (body mass index) may be a significant factor in fertility, as an increase in BMI in the male by as little as three units can be associated with infertility. This mucus mainly affects the lungs, but males may also have a missing or obstructed vas deferens. Linthicum, Md.: American Urological Association, Inc.; 2010. IVF in action Intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI): A single sperm is injected into an egg to achieve fertilization during an IVF procedure. Most of infertile couples are aware of what can be offered to them from the media.

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If the egg does not travel, it can be harder to conceive naturally. According to the literature survey, the most common causes of infertility are: male factor [5,7-9,13-15] such as sperm abnormalities [9,13,15], female factor [7-9,14-16] such as ovulation dysfunction [7,8] and tubal pathology [7-9], combined male and female factors [7,9,14,15] and unexplained infertility; where no obvious cause could be detected [7-9]. If conservative medical treatments fail to achieve a full term pregnancy, the physician or WHNP may suggest the patient undergo in vitro fertilization (IVF). Painful or heavy periods Most women experience cramps with their periods.

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It may also prevent the sperm from reaching the egg. Sperm count often returns to normal after stopping the medication. United Kingdom[edit] In the UK, previous NICE guidelines defined infertility as failure to conceive after regular unprotected sexual intercourse for two years in the absence of known reproductive pathology.[11] Updated NICE guidelines do not include a specific definition, but recommend that "A woman of reproductive age who has not conceived after 1 year of unprotected vaginal sexual intercourse, in the absence of any known cause of infertility, should be offered further clinical assessment and investigation along with her partner, with earlier referral to a specialist if the woman is over 36 years of age."[12] Other definitions[edit] Researchers commonly base demographic studies on infertility prevalence on a five-year period.[13] Practical measurement problems, however, exist for any definition, because it is difficult to measure continuous exposure to the risk of pregnancy over a period of years. Intrauterine insemination. For this procedure, after semen gets rinsed with a special solution, a doctor places it into your uterus when you're ovulating. Women with regular menstrual cycles are likely to be ovulating and should be offered serum progesterone testing at day 21 to confirm ovulation.


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See also
Infertility Rate in India 2018
Infertility Clinics in Lahore
Infertility Support Group Online