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BMI (body mass index) may be a significant factor in fertility, as an increase in BMI in the male by as little as three units can be associated with infertility. Furthermore, laparoscopy assists in the differential diagnosis between a septate and a bicornuate uterus. Fertilization takes place outside the body, and the fertilized egg is reinserted into the woman's reproductive tract, in a procedure called embryo transfer.

Large polyps or multiple polyps can impact fertility by interfering with the ability of embryo to implant and should be removed. Find out more about fertility tests and how problems are diagnosed.Gonadal and sexual functions are mediated by the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis, a closed-loop system with feedback control from the testicles. Possible problems could be that the egg is not released at the optimum time for fertilization, that it may not enter the fallopian tube, sperm may not be able to reach the egg, fertilization may fail to occur, transport of the zygote may be disturbed, or implantation fails. The views expressed in this material are those of the authors, and do not reflect the official policy or position of the U.

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The Disappearing Male. (PDF, 1 MB) From Towards Reproductive Certainty, 1999. It can also help if a man has severe erectile dysfunction. Helping our patients develop a deep understanding of their fertility options will make the process smoother. Surgery for epididymal blockage: A blocked epididymis can be surgically repaired. 8,45 Figure 1 provides an algorithmic approach to the evaluation of infertility.   Enlarge      Print Infertility Evaluation Figure 1. Treatment of the Normal Infertile Couple The prognosis for the normal infertile couple is poor and unpredictable.

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If conservative medical treatments fail to achieve a full term pregnancy, the physician or WHNP may suggest the patient undergo in vitro fertilization (IVF). Tests such as semen analysis, hormone testing, transrectal and scrotal ultrasound may also be performed. Furthermore, as aging occurs, egg quality, or the likelihood of an egg being genetically normal, decreases. The severity usually depends on how near to the testicles the radiation was aimed.

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The resulting embryos are then transferred into the uterus of the future mother, known as the recipient. Illegal drugs: Consumption of marijuana and cocaine can lower the sperm count. The normal working of the male reproductive system involves first the production of sufficient numbers of functional sperm cells and then the delivery of these sperm to the ejaculate. Controversies in OB/GYN: Is Varicocelectomy Useful for Treatment of Male-factor Infertility? (PDF, 4 MB)Contemporary OB/GYN, 2001. Effect of male age on fertility: evidence for the decline in male fertility with increasing age. There are three types of fibroids: 1) subserosal, or fibroids that extend more than 50% outside of the uterus; 2) intramural, where the majority of the fibroid is within the muscle of the uterus without any indentation of the uterine cavity; and 3) submucosal, or fibroids the project into the uterine cavity. However, it is important to note that they are not necessarily all displayed simultaneously. Renal Echinococcus. (PDF, 1 MB) The Journal of Urology, 1972. The risk of ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome and multiple pregnancy is heightened; therefore, hMG should be started at the minimal dose (75 IU SC qd for 7 days).