Front Page

We are the top source for complete information and resources for Infertility in Medicine online.

The Takeaway Around 15 to 20 percent of couples trying to conceive will have trouble with infertility. 21,22 Evaluation of Women Jump to section + The etiology of female infertility can be broken down into ovulation disorders, uterine abnormalities, tubal obstruction, and peritoneal factors. BMI (body mass index) may be a significant factor in fertility, as an increase in BMI in the male by as little as three units can be associated with infertility. As soon as it reaches a specific size, the administration of beta-HCG takes place. It stimulates the ovaries to mature egg follicles. Ovarian Transplantation in a Series of Monozygotic Twins Discordant for Ovarian Failure. (PDF, 188 KB) The New England Journal of Medicine, 2007.

This can be made laparoscopically as well as sonographically. Live Birth Following Day Surgery Reversal of Female Sterilisation in Women Older then 40 Year: A Realistic Option in Australia? (PDF, 156 KB) Medical Journal of Australia, 2007. In many instances, sterility may be unexplained, but fertility treatments will be able to help. A British study found that patients valued primary care physicians who were well informed about infertility and the treatment process. Blockage of the ejaculatory duct: Sperm can be extracted directly from the testicles and injected into an egg in the laboratory. The enzyme aromatase is responsible for this conversion, and is found primarily in adipose tissue.

Even more Information Around Infertility in Medicine

Below are Some Even more Resources on Inspirational Quotes on Infertility

Symptoms If a couple doesn't get pregnant after a year of unprotected intercourse, both the man and woman should be evaluated. 8 Intrauterine insemination and ovulation induction do not result in increased pregnancy rates in women with unexplained infertility. While it may be difficult to detect infertility symptoms outright, here are some signs that may point to fertility issues: Irregular periods: The average woman’s cycle is about 28 days long. The fertilized egg is then implanted in the uterus. Patients present with short stature, precocious puberty, small testis, and occasional bilateral testicular rests. Factors contributing to the formation of antisperm antibodies in women are disturbance of normal immunoregulatory mechanisms, infection, violation of the integrity of the mucous membranes, rape and unprotected oral or anal sex.

Even more Information Around Inspirational Quotes on Infertility

Less common factors The following other factors may also be responsible for infertility in a smaller proportion of cases: • Genetic abnormalities within eggs, sperm or both • An abnormal uterine cavity, including the presence of fibroids or polyps • Immunological infertility, whereby either the male or female partner produces anti-bodies against sperm cells or implantation of an embryo • Abnormal cervical mucus which hinders the passage of sperm to the uterus and fallopian tubes Unexplained infertility Even when investigations have been extensive, some couples will have no reason with which to explain their infertility. The likelihood of fertilization improves significantly for men with low sperm concentrations.

Below are Some More Information on Infertility Queens Hospital

Unfortunately, there are some forms of male infertility that are not treatable. Affected individuals displayed more severe forms of infertility such as azoospermia and severe oligozoospermia.[27] Other causes[edit] Factors that can cause male as well as female infertility are: DNA damage DNA damage reduces fertility in female ovocytes, as caused by smoking,[28] other xenobiotic DNA damaging agents (such as radiation or chemotherapy)[29] or accumulation of the oxidative DNA damage 8-hydroxy-deoxyguanosine[30] DNA damage reduces fertility in male sperm, as caused by oxidative DNA damage,[31] smoking,[28] other xenobiotic DNA damaging agents (such as drugs or chemotherapy)[32] or other DNA damaging agents including reactive oxygen species, fever or high testicular temperature.[33] The damaged DNA related to infertility manifests itself by the increased susceptibility to denaturation inducible by heat or acid [34] or by the presence of double-strand breaks that can be detected by the TUNEL assay.[35] General factors Diabetes mellitus,[36][37] thyroid disorders,[38] undiagnosed and untreated coeliac disease,[39][40][41][42] adrenal disease[43] Hypothalamic-pituitary factors Hyperprolactinemia Hypopituitarism The presence of anti-thyroid antibodies is associated with an increased risk of unexplained subfertility with an odds ratio of 1. In a third of cases, the reason lies only with the man; in another third, it is because of the woman; and in the rest of the cases, it is a combination of both, or the cause is unknown. United Kingdom[edit] In the UK, previous NICE guidelines defined infertility as failure to conceive after regular unprotected sexual intercourse for two years in the absence of known reproductive pathology.[11] Updated NICE guidelines do not include a specific definition, but recommend that "A woman of reproductive age who has not conceived after 1 year of unprotected vaginal sexual intercourse, in the absence of any known cause of infertility, should be offered further clinical assessment and investigation along with her partner, with earlier referral to a specialist if the woman is over 36 years of age."[12] Other definitions[edit] Researchers commonly base demographic studies on infertility prevalence on a five-year period.[13] Practical measurement problems, however, exist for any definition, because it is difficult to measure continuous exposure to the risk of pregnancy over a period of years.