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For example, treatment for Hodgkin disease has been estimated to lead to infertility in as many as 80-100% of patients. Varicocele A varicocele is a dilation of the veins of the pampiniform plexus of the scrotum. If they are blocked, it indicates the site of the block. These include: non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) – long-term use or a high dosage of NSAIDs, such as ibuprofen or aspirin, can make it more difficult to conceive chemotherapy – medicines used for chemotherapy can sometimes cause ovarian failure, which means your ovaries will no longer be able to function properly neuroleptic medicines – antipsychotic medicines often used to treat psychosis; they can sometimes cause missed periods or infertility spironolactone – a type of medicine used to treat fluid retention (oedema); fertility should recover around 2 months after you stop taking spironolactone Illegal drugs, such as marijuana and cocaine, can seriously affect fertility and make ovulation more difficult.

Do you have any medical problems or prior surgeries? The chance of a multiple birth is lower with an oral fertility drug. However, many people have a regular cycle, meaning that the time between each period is roughly the same. Abnormal sperm: The sperm may have an unusual shape, making it harder to move and fertilize an egg.

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National Collaborating Centre for Women's and Children's Health. A defect in any of these sperm structures may result in infertility that will not be detected by semen analysis.[60] Antisperm antibodies cause immune infertility.[23][24] Cystic fibrosis can lead to infertility in men. Due to the relative high cost of the equipment required, however, it has not become commonplace in most traditional practices today but rather limited to specialty-type practices. Conventional In-vitro Fertilization vs Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection for Patients Requiring Microsurgical Sperm Aspiration. (PDF, 3 MB) Human Reproduction, 1994.

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Treatment of Male-factor Infertility. (PDF, 10 MB) Chapter 9 from Progress in Infertility, 1993. Bensdorp AJ, Cohlen BJ, Heineman MJ, Vandekerckhove P.

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Options for Male Infertility Treatment Some causes of male infertility are treatable or correctable through surgery. There is a consistent association of Mycoplasma genitalium infection and female reproductive tract syndromes. In-vitro fertilization and donor insemination are major procedures involved. Primary testicular causes of infertility Primary testicular problems may be chromosomal or nonchromosomal in nature. Cervical surgery can sometimes cause scarring or shortening of the cervix. Aromatase inhibitors are available for clinical use and FDA approved for treatment of postmenopausal breast cancer, but not for ovulation induction. Ultrasound: This may reveal issues such as ejaculatory duct obstruction or retrograde ejaculation. Fertility Evaluation: General and Gynecological Examination For women, a visual evaluation of hair distribution and of body and breast development can indicate endocrinopathy or various development deficiencies.


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See also
Logo of Infertility
Kansas City Infertility Awareness Foundation
Infertility Early Signs