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In 10% of all cases, the cause is unknown: unexplained infertil Do you need help?  We can help you with a no-obligation Causes of infertility and sterility in women Diseases of the ovary and the uterus: Endometriosis is the reason behind many sterility issues. 8,45 Figure 1 provides an algorithmic approach to the evaluation of infertility.   Enlarge      Print Infertility Evaluation Figure 1. There are also a number of sperm production problems that can contribute to infertility, including: Scrotal varicose veins (varicoceles)  Scrotal varicose veins (varicoceles) are swollen veins causing your testicles to get hotter and affect the production of sperm  These are treated with surgery  Testicular injury   Serious trauma to the testicles such as becoming twisted (torsion) can affect sperm production  Damage from playing sports or an accident can rupture the vessels that supply blood to the testicles  Previous injuries can’t be treated, but an ART treatment may help you to conceive Undescended testicles  In the uterus, baby boys’ testicles form in their abdomen and descend into their scrotum shortly before birth  Some men’s testicles don’t descend before they are born (cryptorchidism), although in these cases they usually drop in the first six months after birth  If left untreated, undescended testicles can affect fertility Testicular cancer  This happens when a malignant tumour in the testicle destroys testicular tissue  If undetected, testicular cancer can spread to other parts of the body  This is treated either by surgery, medication, radiotherapy or chemotherapy  However, cancer therapy can also damage sperm production  Genetic defects  Sometimes, genetic information on the Y chromosome (which is only present in men) is deleted (micro-deletions),6 which can reduce the production of sperm  Depending on where the micro-deletion is on the chromosome, this may be treated by surgically extracting sperm from part of your reproductive tract  However, some couples may need to consider using a donor sperm to conceive Mumps Contracting mumps (or mumps-related orchitis) after puberty may damage the sperm-producing cells in your testicles,  causing infertility or subfertility7 Usually, only one testicle is affected and if you have one functioning testicle you may not need treatment  However, some couples may need to use a sperm donor in order to conceive Anti-sperm antibodies  Anti-sperm antibodies are large proteins in your blood that are hostile to sperm  They can cause sperm to clump together and prevent them from swimming, or they may mistake sperm cells for an infection and try to destroy them  This can be treated using an ART treatment   Lifestyle   Sperm production can be affected by a range of lifestyle factors, including smoking, drinking, drugs, stress, overweight and unhealthy food Environmental factors can also affect your sperm quality, including overheating of your testicles, some sexual lubricants, the chemicals involved in certain manufacturing, painting or printing jobs   These factors are treated by making lifestyle changes, such as wearing loose clothing to avoid overheating Hormonal problems  Hormonal problems are rarely the cause of male infertility problems  However, some men have a natural deficiency in follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinising hormone (LH), which prevents the testicles from producing testosterone or developing healthy sperm  Hormonal problems can usually be treated with medication Obstruction problems Blocked sperm ducts  Occasionally, male sperm ducts (epididymis and vas deferens) can become blocked, meaning that your semen doesn’t contain any sperm  This can be treated with surgery, or sperm may be surgically extracted from part of your reproductive tract  Vasectomy  Some men have had a previous vasectomy to stop them being able to conceive  This can sometimes be reversed using surgery  The procedure’s success depends on how long ago your vasectomy was performed  Previous infections  Infections can cause scarring or adhesions (organs sticking together) in your sperm ducts  This can usually be treated with surgery  Does age affect male fertility? Surgery for epididymal blockage: A blocked epididymis can be surgically repaired.

Cervical stenosis (a narrowed cervix) or the lack of cervical mucus often make it harder for sperm to travel through the cervix into the uterus. After in vitro fertilization, your doctor transfers the fertilized eggs into your uterus.Causes of Infertility in Men and Women ColoCRM 2019-03-24T22:49:21-06:00 Causes of Infertility in Men and Women Infertility in Women Below you will find a list of some of the most common causes of infertility in women.

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An on-line WHO infertility virtual consultation course includes a 5 module WHO evidence-based medicine course, as well as a 16 module ASRM eLearning course which reviews the evidence-base for the basic diagnosis of the infertile male and female, coupled with management and treatment. Endometriosis is usually more common in women in their mid-twenties and older, especially when postponed childbirth has taken place.[55] Another major cause of infertility in women may be the inability to ovulate. Sperm are then collected, washed, and added to the eggs in the dish. Pregnancies after Testicular Sperm Extraction and Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection in Non-obstructive Azoospermia. (PDF, 3 MB) Human Reproduction, 1995. A urine sample must be collected immediately after ejaculation.

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Medical treatments[edit] Medical treatment of infertility generally involves the use of fertility medication, medical device, surgery, or a combination of the following. Women who have a body weight 10% to 15% below normal may have reduced fertility.

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Factors contributing to the formation of antisperm antibodies in women are disturbance of normal immunoregulatory mechanisms, infection, violation of the integrity of the mucous membranes, rape and unprotected oral or anal sex. Practice Committee of American Society for Reproductive Medicine. 8 These studies are more sensitive and may delineate an abnormally formed uterus or structural problems, such as fibroids. The Intra-abdominal Testes: Microvascular Autotransplantation. (PDF, 4 MB) The Journal of Urology, 1981. Testicular Transplantation and Autotransplantation. (PDF, 8 MB) Chapter 22 of textbook, Extracorporeal and Microvascular Surgery, 1982. If an endocrinopathy, such as hyperprolactinemia, is diagnosed, the underlying cause should be treated. Listen to Professor Cheong talk about the fertility investigations we offer       Repeated pregnancy loss Some people may not have difficulty conceiving, but have suffered from miscarriages. Radiation therapy: This can impair sperm production. Medicamentous Induction of Ovulation Ovulation inductors are used for dysfunctions in the hypophyseal-hypothalamic area. In fact, female age-related infertility is the most common cause of infertility today. Spermatid Conception. (PDF, 1 MB) Human Reproduction, 1998. Egg donation. This can help you if you have ovaries that don't work right but you have a normal uterus.