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At least one open tube is required for IUI, and the sperm abnormality cannot be severe otherwise the sperm will not be able to swim to and fertilize the egg. Vasectomy. (PDF, 5 MB) From the Encyclopedia of Reproduction, 1999. Large submucosal uterine fibroids may make the uterus' cavity bigger, increasing the distance the sperm has to travel.

The only disadvantage with BBT is that in many instances, the shift does not occur in a clear way, and the patient misses the time of ovulation. Possible causes include the egg not being released at the right time, the egg’s inability to reach the fallopian tube, or the sperm’s inability to reach the egg. The pituitary gland is controlled by the hypothalamus.

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Infertility Causing Medications

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Sexual history – One of the purposes of obtaining a sexual history is to determine whether the partners have any sexual disturbance or dysfunction. But a woman whose cycles vary so greatly that she can’t even begin to estimate when her period might arrive is experiencing irregular periods. 34 Although intrauterine insemination has been shown to be equally effective as timed intercourse in unstimulated cycles, there is a modest increase in live birth rates when combined with ovarian stimulation. A varicocele is like a varicose vein that can appear in the leg. 9 IU/l for a low response and less than 4 IU/l for a high response. No evidence for: - ovarian volume - ovarian blood flow - inhibin B -oestradiol (E2) Further investigations 15. Physical exam A directed physical exam that may include a pelvic ultrasound should be performed.

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A spermiogram control study is performed after 3 cycles of therapy. Post-testicular causes of infertility Post-testicular causes of infertility include problems with sperm transportation through the ductal system, either congenital or acquired. This is called the fulcrum effect.[22] Some surgeries (carpal tunnel for instance) generally turn out better for the patient when the area can be opened up, allowing the surgeon to see "the whole picture" surrounding physiology, to better address the issue at hand. A frequency of intercourse less than once per week results in a probability of conception of about 17% within 6 months. Possible problems could be that the egg is not released at the optimum time for fertilization, that it may not enter the fallopian tube, sperm may not be able to reach the egg, fertilization may fail to occur, transport of the zygote may be disturbed, or implantation fails. This should be followed by documentation of ovulation via serum progesterone.

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Medications Testosterone replacement therapy, long-term anabolic steroid use, cancer medications (chemotherapy), certain antifungal medications, some ulcer drugs and certain other medications can impair sperm production and decrease male fertility. Other infectious diseases that may affect fertility include tuberculosis, toxoplasmosis, malaria, schistosomiasis and leprosy. Lack of pregnancy Lack of pregnancy can be related to disruption of the cervical mucus, inadequate follicular development, presence of luteinized unruptured follicle syndrome, progesterone deficiency, and premature administration of hCG to trigger ovulation. Partners may become more anxious to conceive, increasing sexual dysfunction.[17] Marital discord often develops, especially when they are under pressure to make medical decisions. The sperm must provide the zygote with DNA, centrioles, and activation factor for the embryo to develop. GnRH analog ([GnRHa], leuprolide acetate, nafarelin acetate, goserelin acetate) causes down-regulation of the pituitary, inducing chemical menopause after injections of 3. You take gonadotropins that trigger the development of more than one egg. Bromocriptine (Parlodel): This drug inhibits prolactin production. Microsurgical Solutions to Male Infertility. (PDF, 2 MB) Contemporary OB/GYN, 2005.


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See also
Infertility in Female Causes
Fertility Infertility Research
Secondary Infertility Nk Cells