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Chemotherapy: Some chemotherapy drugs can result in ovarian failure. Microsurgical Aspects of Varicocele. (PDF, 9 MB) Fertility and Sterility, 1979. The fertilized egg attaches itself to the uterus (implantation) and begins to grow.  Predict your cycle with Flo! Radiopaque dye is instilled into the uterine cavity through the cervix and x-rays are taken. Several days later, embryos -- or fertilized eggs -- get put back into your uterus with a device called an intrauterine insemination catheter.

The Most Common Causes of Male Sterility There are several causes of male sterility, including: Abnormal sperm production Impaired delivery of sperm Testosterone deficiency Genetic defects Undescended testes Also, erectile dysfunction or low libido can make the process of procreation that much more difficult. They may go unnoticed until a man tries to have a baby. In theory, it is possible to conceive on any of these 6 days that occur before and during ovulation. In order to conceive, your sperm must be:  Highly concentrated — normally, there should be at least 15 million sperm in every ml of semen5  Moving well (motile) — a lashing tail helps your sperm to swim to your partner’s egg  Normally shaped — healthy sperm should be shaped like a streamlined tadpole  You may find that your semen contains a very low number of sperm (oligozoospermia), or no sperm at all (azoospermia). Men should also avoid hot baths and whirlpools, he says, because the high temperatures slow down your sperm factory.

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In natural intercourse, only a fraction of the sperm make it into the woman’s genital tract. Affected individuals displayed more severe forms of infertility such as azoospermia and severe oligozoospermia.[27] Other causes[edit] Factors that can cause male as well as female infertility are: DNA damage DNA damage reduces fertility in female ovocytes, as caused by smoking,[28] other xenobiotic DNA damaging agents (such as radiation or chemotherapy)[29] or accumulation of the oxidative DNA damage 8-hydroxy-deoxyguanosine[30] DNA damage reduces fertility in male sperm, as caused by oxidative DNA damage,[31] smoking,[28] other xenobiotic DNA damaging agents (such as drugs or chemotherapy)[32] or other DNA damaging agents including reactive oxygen species, fever or high testicular temperature.[33] The damaged DNA related to infertility manifests itself by the increased susceptibility to denaturation inducible by heat or acid [34] or by the presence of double-strand breaks that can be detected by the TUNEL assay.[35] General factors Diabetes mellitus,[36][37] thyroid disorders,[38] undiagnosed and untreated coeliac disease,[39][40][41][42] adrenal disease[43] Hypothalamic-pituitary factors Hyperprolactinemia Hypopituitarism The presence of anti-thyroid antibodies is associated with an increased risk of unexplained subfertility with an odds ratio of 1. Endometriosis is usually more common in women in their mid-twenties and older, especially when postponed childbirth has taken place.[55] Another major cause of infertility in women may be the inability to ovulate. A review of records from other fertility doctors that you have seen is also important.

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If a tube is blocked and filled with fluid (called a hydrosalpinx), then minimally invasive surgery (laparoscopy or hysteroscopy) to either remove the tube or block/separate it from the uterus prior to any fertility treatments is recommended. Carcinoma in the Bladder Left Behind. (PDF, 3 MB) The Journal of Urology, 1973. A small incision is made in the abdomen, and a thin, flexible microscope with a light at the end, called a laparoscope, is inserted through it.

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Microscopic Vasoepididymostomy: Specific Microanastomosis to the Epididymal Tubule. (PDF, 15 MB) Fertility and Sterility, 1978. Laboratory studies have suggested that long-term acetaminophen use during pregnancy may affect fertility in males by lowering testosterone production. Ectopic pregnancy This is when a fertilized egg implants outside the womb, usually in a fallopian tube. These assistance systems meet the demands of true solo surgery assistance systems and are robust, versatile, and easy to use. The extra heat caused by the vein can lead to low sperm count and impaired sperm movement. This improves the chances that the embryo will implant at, or attach to, the wall of the uterus. In patients with varicocele, there is insufficient evidence to suggest corrective surgery will increase live birth rates, despite improvement in semen analysis results. There is a consistent association of Mycoplasma genitalium infection and female reproductive tract syndromes. Further investigations 18. Laparoscopy: - Invasive procedure. - to check for pelvic disease; such as endometriosis and to check tubal patency. - therapeutic as in laparoscpic myomectomy and ovarian drilling. Hysteroscopy: - to evaluate uterine cavity. - In case of repeated failed IVF cycles. - therapeutic as in intrauterine septum. WHO categorizes ovulatory disorders into three groups: group I is caused by hypothalamic pituitary failure (10%), group II results from dysfunction of hypothalamic-pituitary-ovarian axis (85%), and group III is caused by ovarian failure (5%).