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Complication of Infertility in Female
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Understanding what defines normal fertility is crucial to helping a person, or couple, know when it is time to seek help. According to the literature survey, the most common causes of infertility are: male factor [5,7-9,13-15] such as sperm abnormalities [9,13,15], female factor [7-9,14-16] such as ovulation dysfunction [7,8] and tubal pathology [7-9], combined male and female factors [7,9,14,15] and unexplained infertility; where no obvious cause could be detected [7-9]. Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) from the hypothalamus stimulates the release of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH) from the pituitary. Evaluation of the Female Partner: Other Tests Other tests to evaluate a woman’s fertility include: Hysterosalpinogram (HSG). Microsurgery for Vasectomy Reversal and Vasoepididymostomy. (PDF, 13 MB) Urology, 1984.
This is taken from the vaginal vault as well as from the cervical canal. Couples may decide to go ahead regardless if the desire to become pregnant is very strong. As many as 25 to 35% of “infertile” couples will go on to eventually have a child without any treatment.Loading The most common cause of infertility in dogs and cats is related to husbandry problems. There are also a number of sperm production problems that can contribute to infertility, including: Scrotal varicose veins (varicoceles) Scrotal varicose veins (varicoceles) are swollen veins causing your testicles to get hotter and affect the production of sperm These are treated with surgery Testicular injury Serious trauma to the testicles such as becoming twisted (torsion) can affect sperm production Damage from playing sports or an accident can rupture the vessels that supply blood to the testicles Previous injuries can’t be treated, but an ART treatment may help you to conceive Undescended testicles In the uterus, baby boys’ testicles form in their abdomen and descend into their scrotum shortly before birth Some men’s testicles don’t descend before they are born (cryptorchidism), although in these cases they usually drop in the first six months after birth If left untreated, undescended testicles can affect fertility Testicular cancer This happens when a malignant tumour in the testicle destroys testicular tissue If undetected, testicular cancer can spread to other parts of the body This is treated either by surgery, medication, radiotherapy or chemotherapy However, cancer therapy can also damage sperm production Genetic defects Sometimes, genetic information on the Y chromosome (which is only present in men) is deleted (micro-deletions),6 which can reduce the production of sperm Depending on where the micro-deletion is on the chromosome, this may be treated by surgically extracting sperm from part of your reproductive tract However, some couples may need to consider using a donor sperm to conceive Mumps Contracting mumps (or mumps-related orchitis) after puberty may damage the sperm-producing cells in your testicles, causing infertility or subfertility7 Usually, only one testicle is affected and if you have one functioning testicle you may not need treatment However, some couples may need to use a sperm donor in order to conceive Anti-sperm antibodies Anti-sperm antibodies are large proteins in your blood that are hostile to sperm They can cause sperm to clump together and prevent them from swimming, or they may mistake sperm cells for an infection and try to destroy them This can be treated using an ART treatment Lifestyle Sperm production can be affected by a range of lifestyle factors, including smoking, drinking, drugs, stress, overweight and unhealthy food Environmental factors can also affect your sperm quality, including overheating of your testicles, some sexual lubricants, the chemicals involved in certain manufacturing, painting or printing jobs These factors are treated by making lifestyle changes, such as wearing loose clothing to avoid overheating Hormonal problems Hormonal problems are rarely the cause of male infertility problems However, some men have a natural deficiency in follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinising hormone (LH), which prevents the testicles from producing testosterone or developing healthy sperm Hormonal problems can usually be treated with medication Obstruction problems Blocked sperm ducts Occasionally, male sperm ducts (epididymis and vas deferens) can become blocked, meaning that your semen doesn’t contain any sperm This can be treated with surgery, or sperm may be surgically extracted from part of your reproductive tract Vasectomy Some men have had a previous vasectomy to stop them being able to conceive This can sometimes be reversed using surgery The procedure’s success depends on how long ago your vasectomy was performed Previous infections Infections can cause scarring or adhesions (organs sticking together) in your sperm ducts This can usually be treated with surgery Does age affect male fertility? In addition, loss of peripheral visual fields bilaterally may be due to compression of the optic chiasm by the growing pituitary tumor.
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It is specially oriented for cancer patients, whose sperm is destroyed due to the gonadotoxic treatment they are submitted to.[70] Ovaric stem cells: it is thought that women have a finite number of follicles from the very beginning. In this case, your doctor may recommend advanced fertility treatment — assisted reproductive technologies (ART) treatment. Illegal drugs: Consumption of marijuana and cocaine can lower the sperm count.
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Pregnancy After Testicular Transplant: Importance of Treating the Couple. (PDF, 5 MB) Fertility and Sterility, 1980. Normal Pregnancies Resulting from Testicular Sperm Extraction and Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection for Azoospermia Due to Maturation Arrest. (PDF, 6 MB) Fertility and Sterility, 1996.
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Twelve months is the lower reference limit for Time to Pregnancy (TTP) by the World Health Organization.[7] a woman over 35 has not conceived after six months of contraceptive-free sexual intercourse. Seminoma Discovered in Two Males Undergoing Successful Testicular Sperm Extraction for Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection. (PDF, 807 KB) Human Reproduction, 1995. Sterility is the inability to conceive and infertility is the inability to complete a full term pregnancy and give birth to a healthy child. When the magic moment arrives, about 150 million sperm are ejaculated in a half-teaspoon of semen through the penis. Preliminary Tests of a New Reversible Male Contraceptive in Bush Dog, Speothos Venaticus: Open-ended Vasectomy and Microscopic Reversal. (PDF, 106 KB) Journal of Zoo and Wildlife, 2006. 2 This encompasses couples with infertility and impaired ability to get pregnant, but it does not capture those who are not married, so actual numbers may be underestimated. If you’ve been diagnosed with infertility, or fear you may have trouble conceiving in the future, you’re not alone. As new technology becomes available, fertility treatment is now accessible to more people, and success rates and safety are improving all the time. Live Birth Following Day Surgery Reversal of Female Sterilisation in Women Older then 40 Year: A Realistic Option in Australia? (PDF, 156 KB) Medical Journal of Australia, 2007. 7 million women reported impaired ability to get pregnant or carry a baby to term.
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See also
Female Infertility Unspecified Means
Infertility Doctors Brisbane
San Ramon Infertility Center Kaiser