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Common Causes of Female Infertility
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However, these tests have only poor to moderate predictive value despite widespread use. Ultrasound can detect uterine abnormalities such as fibroids and polyps, distal fallopian tube occlusion, and ovarian abnormalities including ovarian cysts. The vas deferens carries sperm from the epididymis to the ejaculatory duct and the urethra. Adverse effects of metformin include GI intolerance, nausea, vomiting, and abdominal cramps. While BBT is an inexpensive way to monitor ovulation, it is often impractical. Treatment of Male-factor Infertility. (PDF, 10 MB) Chapter 9 from Progress in Infertility, 1993.
Ovulation induction agents increase the risk of multiple pregnancy, ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome, and thrombosis, and they may increase the risk of ovarian cancer in women who remain nulliparous. Several studies have demonstrated that an increase in BMI is correlated with a decrease in sperm concentration, a decrease in motility and an increase DNA damage in sperm. Other risk factors for infertility Other risk factors may also contribute to infertility in both men and women. Although relatively uncommon, eating disorders can negatively affect menstruation, fertility, and maternal and fetal well-being. Microscopic Vasectomy Reversal 30 Years Later: A Summary of 4010 Cases by the Same Surgeon. (PDF, 295 KB)Journal of Andrology, 2004. Orchitis The most common cause of acquired testicular failure in adults is viral orchitis, such as that caused by the mumps virus, echovirus, or group B arbovirus.
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High Fertilization and Pregnancy Rate after Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection with Spermatozoa Obtained from Testicle Biopsy. (PDF, 3 MB) Human Reproduction, 1995. Microcirugía y fertilición in vitro para la azoospermia obstructiva. (PDF, 5 MB) Chapter 14 from textbook, Avances en reproducción asistida, 1992.
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Ultrasound: This may reveal issues such as ejaculatory duct obstruction or retrograde ejaculation. Problems with sperm If a man makes too few sperm or none at all, the woman cannot become pregnant. The patients are classified as WHO1 (15%) - hypo-gonadotropic, hypo-estrogenic, WHO2 (80%) - normo-gonadotropic, normo-estrogenic, and WHO3 (5%) - hyper-gonadotropic, hypo-estrogenic.
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Growth of Baby Kidneys Transplanted into Adults. (PDF, 1 MB) Archives of Surgery, 1976. Blocked ovaries can start functioning again without a clear medical explanation. It varies with the age (the optimal female age is between 23 and 39 years) and with body weight (the ideal body mass index is between 19 and 30). Cystic fibrosis: This is a chronic disease that results in the creation of a sticky mucus. Ejaculatory Duct Obstruction. (PDF, 3 MB) The Journal of Urology, 1980.
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See also
State Infertility Insurance Laws
Infertility Laparoscopic Surgery
Nutrition in Infertility